Data analysis is the process of organizing and sorting data into patterns, categories and units of the basic description so that the theme can be found and can be formulated working hypothesis as based on data. In order to analyze and interpret the data, it is necessary to understand about the existence of the data itself. Broadly speaking, the existence of data can be classified into two types, namely: qualitative data and quantitative loaded data. There are two data analysis techniques, namely quantitative data analysis techniques and qualitative data analysis techniques that are quantitative data analysis techniques using statistics, including descriptive and inferential statistics. Inferential statistics include parametric and non parametric statistics. Qualitative data analysis techniques were conducted from before the research, during the research, and after the research which included the analysis before in the field, the analysis technique in field Miles and Huberman model and data analysis technique according to Spradley.
Broadly speaking, data analysis includes 3 steps, namely: Preparation, tabulation, application of data according with research approach. Interpretation of data is very important position in the process of data analysis research because the quality of analysis of a researcher depends on the quality of interpretation derived by the researcher on the data.
1. Preparation
Activities in this preparatory step include:
2. Tabulation
Tabulation is an activity to describe respondents' answers in a certain way. Tabulation can also be used to create descriptive statistics of the variables studied. G.E.R. Burroughas proposed the classification of data analysis as follows:
Broadly speaking, data analysis includes 3 steps, namely: Preparation, tabulation, application of data according with research approach. Interpretation of data is very important position in the process of data analysis research because the quality of analysis of a researcher depends on the quality of interpretation derived by the researcher on the data.
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1. Preparation
Activities in this preparatory step include:
- Check the name and completeness of the filler identity.
- Checking the completeness of the data, it means checking the contents of data collection instruments (including the completeness of the sheet instrument there may be a release or tear)
- Checking the data entry field. If inside the instrument contained or some items filled "do not know" or other stuff not the desired researcher, but the expected field is the main variable, then the item needs to be dropped.
2. Tabulation
Tabulation is an activity to describe respondents' answers in a certain way. Tabulation can also be used to create descriptive statistics of the variables studied. G.E.R. Burroughas proposed the classification of data analysis as follows:
- Tabulation of data (the tabulation of the data).
- Data summarizing (the summarizing of the data).
- Data analysis for hypothesis testing purposes.
- Data analysis for the purpose of conclusion data.
3. Application of data in accordance with the research approach.
The purpose of the formulation presented in this section of this chapter is the processing of data obtained by using the formulas or rules that exist, in accordance with the research approach or design is taken. To simplify the way to follow the description of data processing, will be presented with systematics presented systematically described in the previous chapter, on the types of problems. In addition to the explanation, the means applied in the calculation is the data adjusted to the type data ie discrete, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
For researchers who like statistics, this chapter presents various formulas that can be used to process data. If the researcher wishes to use computer services, and just wait for the result. but even if the researchers must keep a close watch on the formulas presented, it will not hesitate to go forward.
Analysis of descriptive research data
Quantitative data collected in correlational, comparative, or experimental research is processed using statistical formulas already provided, either in manual or using computer services. Whatever the type of research, descriptive research that is explorative way can be the same because the data obtained form the same. What is different is how to interpret data and draw conclusions. If the data has been collected, then it is classified into two groups of data, namely quantitative data (numbers) and qualitative (words or symbols).
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